Abstract
Y. Tang, S. Koenig and E. Biyik. Judgelight: Trajectory-Level Post-Optimization for Multi-Agent Path Finding via Closed-Subwalk Collapsing. In World Symposium on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics, pages (in print), 2026.Abstract: Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is an NP-hard problem with applications in warehouse automation and multi-robot coordination. Learning-based MAPF solvers offer fast and scalable planning but often produce feasible trajectories that contain unnecessary or oscillatory movements. We propose Judgelight, a post-optimization layer that improves trajectory quality after a MAPF solver generates a feasible schedule. Judgelight collapses closed subwalks in agents' trajectories to remove redundant movements while preserving all feasibility constraints. We formalize this process as MAPF-Collapse, prove that it is NP-hard, and present an exact optimization approach by formulating it as integer linear programming (ILP) problem. Experimental results show Judgelight consistently reduces solution cost by 20 percent, particularly for learning-based solvers, producing trajectories that are better suited for real-world deployment.
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